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Summary

The band-winged nightjar or greater band-winged nightjar (Systellura longirostris) is a species of nightjar in the family Caprimulgidae. It is the only species now placed in the genus Systellura. It is widespread in South America, where it is found in the Andes, Venezuelan Coastal Range, Santa Marta Mountains, Tepuis, most of Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and eastern Brazil. It occurs in a wide range of habitats, from the edge of humid montane forests to shrubby semi-deserts and urban rooftops.

Taxonomy

The band-winged nightjar was formally described in 1825 as Caprimulgus longirostris by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte. The specific epithet combines the Latin longus meaning "long" with -rostris meaning "-billed". The band-winged nightjar is now the only species placed in the genus Systellura that was introduced in 1912 by the American ornithologist Robert Ridgway with Stenopis ruficervix Sclater, PL, 1866, as the type species. This is now considered as a subspecies of the band-winged nightjar. The genus name Systellura combines the Ancient Greek συστελλω/sustellō meaning "to shorten" with ουρα'oura meaning "tail".

Eight subspecies have been recognized, including two subspecies descovered in the 21st century, one from Chile and another from Brazil which have been described within the last few years. Tschudi's nightjar was formerly also considered a subspecies but has now been elevated to species rank. Recently, it has been suggested that both S. l. roraimae and S. l. ruficervix should be treated as separate species.

Systellura longirostris ruficervix (Sclater, 1866) - Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador Systellura longirostris roraimae Chapman, 1929 - tepuis of southern Venezuela Systellura longirostris atripunctata Chapman, 1923 - Peru to northwestern Argentina Systellura longirostris bifasciata (Gould, 1837) - Chile, western Argentina Systellura longirostris pedrolimai (Grantsau, 2008) - northeastern Brazil Systellura...