Maclura is a genus of flowering plants in the mulberry family, Moraceae. It includes the inedible Osage orange, which is used as mosquito repellent and grown throughout the United States as a hedging plant. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers borne on separate plants.
Maclura is closely related to the genus Cudrania, and hybrids between the two genera have been produced. Some botanists recognize a more broadly defined Maclura that includes species previously included in Cudrania and other genera of Moraceae. The genus likely originated in South America during the Paleogene.
Species
13 species are accepted.
Maclura africana (Bureau) Corner – eastern Africa and Madagascar
Maclura andamanica (King ex Hook.f.) C.C.Berg – Vietnam, Laos to Andaman Islands
Maclura brasiliensis (Mart.) Endl. – Brazil, Honduras, Nicaragua, Peru, and Venezuela
Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner (Syn.: Cudrania cochinchinensis, Cudrania javanensis, Vanieria cochinchinensis) – China, Vietnam, Malesia, and northern Australia
Maclura fruticosa (Roxb.) Corner – China and Vietnam
Maclura mollis (Fernald) Carvajal – Mexico (Oaxaca)
Maclura montana Z.P.Lei, G.Y.Li & Z.H.Chen – China (Zhejiang)
Maclura orientalis G.Y.Li, W.Y.Xie & Z.H.Chen – China (Zhejiang)
Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C.K.Schneid. (Raf.) C.K.Schneid. – Osage-orange; United States
Maclura pubescens (Trécul) Z.K.Zhou & M.G.Gilbert (Syn.: M. cochichinensis var. pubescens) – China
Maclura spinosa (Willd.) C.C.Berg – India to Sri Lanka
Maclura tinctoria (L.) D.Don ex Steud. – Mexico to northern Argentina
Maclura tricuspidata Carrière (Syn.: Cudrania tricuspidata, Cudrania triloba) – China, Vietnam, and Korea
Milicia excelsa (as Maclura excelsa)
Milicia regia (as Maclura regia)
Broussonetia greveana (as Maclura greveana and Maclura humbertii)
