Carolus (name)
the medieval Latin form of the name Charles
Charlemagne (742–814)
King Charles XII of Sweden, who is sometimes referred to as "Carolus Rex"
Scientific
Carolus (plant), a genus of flowering plants in the family Malpighiaceae
Carolus (planthopper), a genus of insects in the family Cixiidae
16951 Carolus Quartus, an asteroid named after Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Miscellaneous
Carolus (coin), several coins
Carolus, several ships; see List of Swedish ships of the line