Cystopteris is a genus of ferns in the family Cystopteridaceae. These are known generally as bladderferns or fragile ferns. They grow in temperate areas worldwide. This is a very diverse genus and within a species individuals can look quite different, especially in harsh environments where stress stunts their growth. They hybridize easily with each other and identifying an individual can be challenging. In general these are rhizomatous perennials which grow in rocks or soil. Their leaves are multiply pinnate, in that each leaflet is divided into smaller parts. The sori are usually rounded and covered in an inflated bladder-like indusium.
Phylogeny
This genus includes the following species:
Phylogeny from Fern Tree of Life
Other species include:
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Cystopteris
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C. montana (Lam.) Desvaux (Mountain bladderfern)
Emarginatae
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C. pellucida (Franchet) Ching
C. moupinensis Franchet
C. sudetica Braun & Milde (Sudeten bubble fern)
Khokhrjakovia
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C. chinensis (Ching) R.Wei & X.C.Zhang
C. bulbifera (von Linné) Bernhardi (Bulblet fern)
C. tennesseensis Shaver (Tennessee bladderfern)
C. utahensis Windham & Haufler (Utah bladderfern)
C. protrusa (Weatherby) Blasdell (Lowland bladderfern)
C. douglasii Hooker (Douglas' bladderfern)
C. sandwicensis Brackenridge
C. tasmanica Hooker
C. alpina (Lam.) Desvaux (Alpine bubble fern)
C. tenuis (Michaux) Desvaux (Upland brittle fern)
C. diaphana (Bory) Blasdell (Greenish/diaphanous bladder-fern)
