Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs, or swine. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into between four and eight genera. Within this family, the genus Sus includes the domestic pig, Sus scrofa domesticus or Sus domesticus, and many species of wild pig from Europe to the Pacific. Other genera include babirusas and warthogs. All suids, or swine, are native to the Old World, ranging across Afro-Eurasia.
The earliest fossil suids date from the Oligocene epoch in Asia, and their descendants reached Europe during the Miocene. Several fossil species are known and show adaptations to a wide range of different diets, from strict herbivory to possible carrion-eating (in Tetraconodontinae).
Taxonomy
The following 18 extant species of suid are currently recognised:
Image
Genus
Living species
Sus
S. ahoenobarbus – Palawan bearded pig
S. barbatus – Bornean bearded pig
S. cebifrons – Visayan warty pig
S. celebensis – Sulawesi warty pig
S. oliveri – Mindoro warty pig
S. philippensis – Philippine warty pig
S. scrofa – wild boar
S. s. domesticus – domestic pig (sometimes treated as a full species, S. domestica)
S. verrucosus – Javan warty pig
Porcula
P. salvania – pygmy hog
Hylochoerus
H. meinertzhageni – giant forest hog
Potamochoerus
P. larvatus – bushpig
P. porcus – red river hog
Phacochoerus
P. africanus – common warthog
P. aethiopicus – desert warthog
Babyrousa
B. babyrussa – Moluccan babirusa
B. bolabatuensis – Bola Batu babirusa
B. celebensis – North Sulawesi babirusa
B. togeanensis – Togian babirusa
Cladogram of Suidae. Mikko's Phylogeny Archive (Based is McKenna & Bell, 1997, Liu, 2003 и Harris & Liu, 2007):
