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Summary

Cinchona pubescens, also known as red cinchona and quina or kina (Spanish: Cascarilla, cinchona; Portuguese: quina-do-amazonas, quineira), is native to Central and South America. It is known as a medicinal plant for its bark's high quinine content- and has similar uses to C. officinalis in the production of quinine, most famously used for treatment of malaria.

Description

C. pubescens varies from small to large in size, growing to 10 metres (33 ft) in height. When cut, the bark tends to turn red. Leaves are elliptical to oblate and thin. The leaves have pubescent teeth that turn red when they are older, hence its nickname the red quinine tree. Its flowers form in large panicles. They are pink and fragrant, while in the Galapagos they are light pink.

Taxonomic synonyms include:

Cinchona caloptera Miq. Cinchona chomeliana Wedd. Cinchona coronulata Miq. Cinchona decurrentifolia Pav. Cinchona elliptica Wedd. Cinchona goudotiana Klotzsch ex Triana Cinchona govana Miq. Cinchona howardiana Kuntze Cinchona lechleriana Schltdl. Cinchona lutea Pav. Cinchona morado Ruiz Cinchona ovata Ruiz & Pav. Cinchona palescens Vell. Cinchona pelalba Pav. ex DC. Cinchona pelletieriana Wedd. Cinchona platyphylla Wedd. Cinchona pubescens var. cordata DC. Cinchona pubescens var. ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. Cinchona purpurascens Wedd. Cinchona purpurea Vell. Cinchona purpurea Ruiz & Pav. Cinchona rosulenta Howard ex Wedd. Cinchona rotundifolia Pav. ex Lamb. Cinchona rubicunda Tafalla ex Wedd. Cinchona rufinervis Wedd. Cinchona rugosa Pav. ex DC. Cinchona subsessilis Miq. Cinchona succirubra Pav. ex Klotzsch Cinchona tucujensis H.Karst. Quinquina obovata (Pav. ex Howard) Kuntze Quinquina ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze Quinquina pubescens (Vahl) Kuntze Quinquina succirubra (Pav. ex Klotzsch) Kuntze

Synonyms

Taxonomic synonyms include:

Cinchona caloptera Miq. Cinchona chomeliana Wedd. Cinchona coronulata Miq. Cinchona decurrentifolia Pav. Cinchona elliptica Wedd. Cinchona...