Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261838770 P.M. Jørgensen;Carmen Ulloa;Homero Vargas;Pablo Lozano 1384 1994-12-09
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Cofradia. Saraguro-Loja, Km 40.2. Montane forest, disturbed., -3.823056 -79.296667
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130404360 B.B. Klitgaard 1997-04-12
Ecuador, Loja, Sozoranga, ""Bosque """"El Tundo"""", propriedad de la fundación ARCOIRIS, on track off road Sozoranga-Macará, ca. km 1."", -4.316 -79.816
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464638509 Peter Møller Jørgensen 821 1994-11-23
Ecuador, Loja, Espíndola, -4.7219 -79.4356
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259957553 Bjarke Eriksen 97551 1989-02-01
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus, E of Nudo de Cajanuma, just N of 'Centro de Información'. Sample Plot Site. Wet montane forest., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4906902853 Sparre B Sparre, B 18941 1967-09-24
Immediately W the pass between Loja and Zamora., 2800m
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130397096 L. Ellemann 1989-01-13
Ecuador, Loja, Saraguro, Jera, 9 km north of Saraguro. Information of vernacular name and use: Maríe Christine Bermeo, Saraguro-indian., -3.566 -79.233
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260032051 Jens E. Madsen 85948 1989-04-10
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma, trail to Mirador. Montane forest below tree limit., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261438156 L.B. Holm-Nielsen;S. Jeppesen;B. Løjtnant;Benjamin Øllgaard 4740 1973-05-03
Ecuador, Loja, Saraguro, Km 66 on Pan American Highway N of Loja. Steep rocky slopes with debris, very dry, dominated by Agave and grasses., -3.566667 -79.166667
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4906897707 Sparre B Sparre, B 18918 1967-09-24
Immediately W the pass between Loja and Zamora., 2800m
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261437953 Jaime L. Jaramillo;Vlastimil Zak;R. Valencia 8737
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Carretera Yangana Toledo. Vegetación de Ceja Andina-nublado con suelo arcilloso humífero-cangaguoso especies de Weinmannia, Clusia, Dilleniaceae, Melastomataceae, Schefflera., -4.38 -79.11
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259957536 Bjarke Eriksen 97550 1989-02-01
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus, E of Nudo de Cajanuma, just N of 'Centro de Información'. Sample Plot Site. Wet montane forest., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261437917 Benjamin Øllgaard;Jens E. Madsen;Lars J. Christensen;Blanca León;Kenneth Young;S.S. Renner 74485 1988-05-25
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261437898 Benjamin Øllgaard;Jens E. Madsen;Lars J. Christensen 74583 1988-06-02
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Around entrance to the park on road Yangana - Cerro Toledo., -4.38333 -79.13333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260021587 Jens E. Madsen;O.A. Sánchez 7918 2001-05-08
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Approximately 4 km NW of Malacatos. Agricultural landscape., -4.2 -79.28333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464638476 Peter Møller Jørgensen 1384 1994-12-09
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -3.8231 -79.2967
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464637742 Florian A. Werner -3049 2010-03-23
Ecuador, Loja, Macará, -4.233333 -79.916667
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261434937 L. Ellemann 66606 1988-10-08
Ecuador, Loja, Saraguro, Collected 2 km south of Saraguro. Information of vernacular name and use: Natívidad Guamán, Saraguro-indian., -3.63333 -79.23333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261434918 John S. Brandbyge 42296 1983-09-24
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261434468 L. Ellemann 66760 1989-01-13
Ecuador, Loja, Saraguro, Jera, 9 km north of Saraguro. Information of vernacular name and use: Maríe Christine Bermeo, Saraguro-indian., -3.56666 -79.23333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464638468 Reinaldo Espinosa Aguilar 1526 1947-06-09
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -3.86 -79.2311
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261434415 John S. Brandbyge 42296 1983-09-24
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, 15 km south of Yangana on the road Loja - Zumba (under construction). Slightly disturbed mountain cloud forest., -4.5 -79.13333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261433944 Bjarke Eriksen 97550 1989-02-01
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4077752025 Pablo Enrique Lozano Carpio -75 2002-01-12
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4 -79.1472
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130393630 B. Ollgaard 1984-06-02
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Around entrance to the park on road Yangana - Cerro Toledo., -4.383 -79.133
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130390583 B. Ollgaard 1988-05-25
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.083 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130393622 B. Ollgaard 1984-05-13
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.083 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067898059 F. Tinitana;O. Cabrera, N. Cumbicus & A. Prina 238 2011-03-17
Ecuador, Azuay, Oña, Estación 6 Bifurcación de la vía Oña Cuenca, -3.446167 -79.158917
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259684662 Thomas B. Croat 92699 2004-07-29
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Along road between Vilcabamba and Valladoloid, Tapichalaca Reserve, Quebrada de los Muertos, limit of Podocarpus National Park., -4.325 -79.225
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130393621 B. Ollgaard 1984-05-13
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.083 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464638436 Peter Møller Jørgensen 1047 1994-11-30
Ecuador, Loja, Catamayo, -4.0842 -79.2278
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464638430 Reinaldo Espinosa Aguilar 1098 1946-11-24
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4.0211 -79.1867
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067890899 O. Cabrera;N. Cumbicus, A. Prina & A. Benitez 494 2012-01-31
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Vía Chichaca-Trapichillo-Catamayo, -3.908018 -79.313552
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464638428 Reinaldo Espinosa Aguilar 1174 1946-12-26
Ecuador, Loja, Paltas, -3.86 -79.8783
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130396920 J.E. Madsen 1988-09-06
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma around "Centro de Información". Wet montane forest., -4.083 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130390562 B. Ollgaard 1985-02-21
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus, S of Loja. Wet montane forest at the "Centro de Información" E of Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.083 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130396749 Bj. Eriksen 1989-03-10
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus, E of Nudo de Cajanuma, just N of 'Centro de Información'. Sample Plot Site. Wet montane forest., -4.083 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130390038 J.E. Madsen 2001-08-30
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Rd. Yangana - Valladolid, km 15. Upper montane rain forest and disturbed borderzone., -4.42 -79.157
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4062156649 Thomas B. Croat 92571 2004-07-28
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, Border area Loja-Zamora-Chinchipe, 83.2 km N of Zumba, 35.6 km S of Yangana., -4.481111 -79.149444
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260028252 Benjamin Øllgaard;Jens E. Madsen 74747 1984-06-11
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Zamora, Parque Nacional Podocarpus, at pass on road Loja-Zamora., -3.96666 -79.11666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067898023 F. Tinitana;O. Cabrera, N. Cumbicus & A. Prina 245 2011-03-18
Ecuador, Azuay, Oña, Estación 6 Bifurcación de la vía Oña Cuenca, -3.446167 -79.158917
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259969104 A. Bøgh Pedersen 47898 1989-09-20
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. E. of Nudo de Cajanuma, just N. of Centro de Información Sample plot site., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4062156012 Thomas B. Croat 92571 2004-07-28
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, Border area Loja-Zamora-Chinchipe, 83.2 km N of Zumba, 35.6 km S of Yangana., -4.481111 -79.149444
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260030477 Jens E. Madsen 75568 1988-11-26
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Zamora, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. New road Loja - Zamora, E of Cerro Yanococha. Montane forest along former indian trail to Zamora, slightly disturbed., -3.98333 -79.11666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260031610 Jens E. Madsen 85679 1989-01-25
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Road Yangana - Valladolid, km 15 (park limit)., -4.45 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067896938 A. Prina;F. Tinitana, O. Cabrera & N. Cumbicus 320 2011-12-07
Ecuador, Loja, Espíndola, Vía Udushe-Sumaypamba, -4.480781 -79.453455
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259684503 Thomas B. Croat 92571 2004-07-28
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, Border area Loja-Zamora-Chinchipe, 83.2 km N of Zumba, 35.6 km S of Yangana., -4.481111 -79.149444
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260030460 Jens E. Madsen 75550 1988-11-26
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Zamora, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. New road Loja - Zamora, E of Cerro Yanococha. Montane forest along former indian trail to Zamora, slightly disturbed., -3.98333 -79.11666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260015843 Benjamin Øllgaard;Hugo Navarrete 105936 1994-11-30
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Trails ca 5 km ENE of San Pedro de Vilcabamba, from El Bosque to Quebrada Romerillos and Banderilla. Open trail banks in pastures and deep wet stream ravines., -4.23333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4077765658 Dalton Quizhpe 14089 2014-10-07
Ecuador, Loja, Catamayo, -3.965111 -79.476583
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1096621908 Benkt Sparre 18941 1967-09-24
Prov. Loja: Immediately W the pass between Loja and Zamora, shrubby cloud forest, 2800 m. Iter Regnellianum nonum. Flora aequadoriensis
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260028095 Benjamin Øllgaard 74648 1984-06-06
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. E of Nudo de Cajanuma, trail E of 'Centro de Informacion' to crest on trail to Lagunas de Compadre., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4077757294 Pablo Enrique Lozano Carpio -726 2002-02-20
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4.3719 -79.1156
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1096621906 Benkt Sparre 18918 1967-09-24
Prov. Loja. immediately W the pass between Loja and Zamora, shrubby cloud forest, 2800 m. Iter Regnellianum nonum. Flora aequadoriensis
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4064932896
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, km 5 Av. Exodo de Yangana, -4.037085 -79.198675, 2164m
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4061805459 Benjamin Øllgaard;Jens E. Madsen;Lars J. Christensen;Blanca León;Kenneth Young;S.S. Renner 74485 1988-05-25
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4064932895 1982-04-03
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, km 5 Av. Exodo de Yangana, -4.037085 -79.198675, 2164m
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464637601 Verónica M. Rivas S. 100 2007-08-06
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -3.9288 -79.2058
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4077757270 Pablo Enrique Lozano Carpio -726 2002-02-20
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4.3719 -79.1156
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464626291 Jens Elgaard Madsen 7918 2001-05-08
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4.2 -79.2833
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130413611 L.B. Holm-Nielsen 1973-05-03
Ecuador, Loja, Saraguro, Km 66 on Pan American Highway N of Loja. Steep rocky slopes with debris, very dry, dominated by Agave and grasses., -3.566 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4077757265 Vicente Bolivar Merino -1597 2002-05-24
Ecuador, Loja, Espíndola, -4.4636 -79.3697
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464626288 Jens Elgaard Madsen 8345 2001-08-30
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4.4206 -79.1575
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130392851 J.E. Madsen 1988-12-21
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. E of Nudo de Cajanuma, just N of "Centro de Información". Wet montane forest. Sample plot site., -4.083 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260026886 Benjamin Øllgaard;Jens E. Madsen;Lars J. Christensen 74121 1984-05-13
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130392845 J.E. Madsen 1988-11-26
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Zamora, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. New road Loja - Zamora, E of Cerro Yanococha. Montane forest along former indian trail to Zamora, slightly disturbed., -3.983 -79.116
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260026811 Benjamin Øllgaard;Jens E. Madsen;Lars J. Christensen 74099 1984-05-13
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259997827 M.B. Klitgaard Klitgaard 600 1997-06-15
Ecuador, Loja, Sin dato, Foot path to Nudo de Cajanuma, from the refugio. Parque Nacional Podocarpus., -4.11666 -79.18333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260126488 Anita Macas 458
Ecuador, Azuay, Girón, Saraguro, carretera Panamericana, Huashapamba, Bosque montano., -3.25 -79.23333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067213724 Steven Daniel 2023-01-28
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Zamora, -4.201332 -79.026088
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067890733 F.A. Werner;J. Homeier & A. Matson 3180 2011-03-20
Reserva El Tundo
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130400332 B. Ollgaard 1994-11-30
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, ""Trails ca 5 km ENE of San Pedro de Vilcabamba, from """"El Bosque"""" to Quebrada Romerillos and Banderilla. Open trail banks in pastures and deep wet stream ravines."", -4.233 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130395882 J.E. Madsen 1988-11-26
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Zamora, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. New road Loja - Zamora, E of Cerro Yanococha. Montane forest along former indian trail to Zamora, slightly disturbed., -3.983 -79.116
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464637557 P. L. Keating 99 1992-05-18
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Zamora, -4.116667 -79.158333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130392550 B. Ollgaard 1985-02-28
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. The pass on road Yangana Valladolid, (Nudo de Sabanilla). Montane forest and treeless vegetation on mountain ridge., -4.45 -79.133
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464637545 A. Balcazar 81
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4.2333 -79.1667
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130392548 B. Ollgaard 1985-02-28
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. The pass on road Yangana Valladolid, (Nudo de Sabanilla). Montane forest and treeless vegetation on mountain ridge., -4.45 -79.133
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464638186 G. P. Lewis 3576 1997-09-17
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4.4167 -79.1667
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067888444 P. Lozano;T. Delgado & M. Lozano 2002-02-20
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Yangana. Cerro Toledo, -4.371944 -79.115556
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130366608 A. Bogh 1989-10-18
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. E. of Nudo de Cajanuma, just N. of "Centro de Información" Sample plot site., -4.083 -79.166
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
2565392621 R. Espinosa & A. Espinosa E2282
12 Km. Oriente Loja (Cord. Oriental).
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260023214 Jens E. Madsen;Carlos Chimbo 8345 2001-08-30
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Rd. Yangana - Valladolid, km 15. Upper montane rain forest and disturbed borderzone., -4.42055 -79.1575
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130395594 B. Ollgaard 1985-02-28
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Road Yangana - Valladolid, c. 8 km S of Yangana. Forest remnants and open wet pasture., -4.416 -79.133
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130386039 J.E. Madsen 2001-05-08
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Approximately 4 km NW of Malacatos. Agricultural landscape., -4.2 -79.283
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259989360 Simon Lægaard|Zhofre Aguirre|Omar Cabrera Lægaard 20534 1999-09-07
Ecuador, Loja, Sin dato, Cajanuma, along trail to El Mirador, 2750 - 3400 m., -4.16666 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1096717258 G. Harling & B. Ståhl 26518 1993-02-19
Flora of Ecuador, Loja, road Selva Alegre-Manú, 4 km W of Selva Alegre
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1096717216 Gunnar Harling 5790 1959-07-11
Flora Aequatoriensis, prov. Loxa, Malacato
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260030151 Jens E. Madsen;L. Ellemann 75255 1988-09-06
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. Above Nudo de Cajanuma around Centro de Información. Wet montane forest., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1096717155 L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B. Løjtnant & B. Øllgaard 4740 1973-05-03
Ecuador, Loja, Saraguro, Flora of Ecuador, Loja, km 66 on Pan American Highway N of Loja, -3.57 -79.17
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4130398502 J. Brandbyge 1983-09-24
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, 15 km south of Yangana on the road Loja - Zumba (under construction). Slightly disturbed mountain cloud forest., -4.5 -79.133
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260026235 Benjamin Øllgaard;Simon Lægaard;Karsten Thomsen;J. Korning;Thea Illum 58441 1985-02-28
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Road Yangana - Valladolid, c. 8 km S of Yangana. Forest remnants and open wet pasture., -4.41666 -79.13333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260024609 Benjamin Øllgaard;Simon Lægaard;Karsten Thomsen;J. Korning;Thea Illum 57839 1985-02-21
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, Parque Nacional Podocarpus, S of Loja. Wet montane forest at the Centro de Información E of Nudo de Cajanuma., -4.08333 -79.16666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260026224 Benjamin Øllgaard;Simon Lægaard;Karsten Thomsen;J. Korning;Thea Illum 58428 1985-02-28
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. The pass on road Yangana Valladolid, (Nudo de Sabanilla). Montane forest and treeless vegetation on mountain ridge., -4.45 -79.13333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259990358 P.M. Jørgensen Jørgensen 65077 1988-02-23
Ecuador, Loja, Sin dato, Loja-Zamora, km 15. Forest of Hedyosmum, Clusia, Ilex and Weinmannia., -3.98333 -79.15
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1259997574 Bente B. Klitgaard|Pablo Lozano|Tania Delgado|H. Alejandro Klitgaard 487 1997-04-12
Ecuador, Loja, Sin dato, Bosque El Tundo, propriedad de la fundación ARCOIRIS, on track off road Sozoranga-Macará, ca. km 1., -4.31666 -79.81666
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1260026168 Benjamin Øllgaard;Simon Lægaard;Karsten Thomsen;J. Korning;Thea Illum 58390 1985-02-28
Ecuador, Zamora Chinchipe, Palanda, Parque Nacional Podocarpus. The pass on road Yangana Valladolid, (Nudo de Sabanilla). Montane forest and treeless vegetation on mountain ridge., -4.45 -79.13333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4464637457 Pablo Enrique Lozano Carpio 137 2001-10-15
Ecuador, Loja, Loja, -4.4167 -79.1333
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067889706 I. Jiménez;O. Sánchez 11 2007-04-01
Ecuador, Loja, Catamayo, Cerro Villonaco. Rumicorral, -3.99613 -79.264506
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261836007 P.M. Jørgensen;Carmen Ulloa;Susana León;Homero Vargas;Pablo Lozano 821 1994-11-23
Ecuador, Loja, Espíndola, Cordillera de Las Lagunitas. Amaluza-Jimbura-Zumba, Km 36. Shrubby forest and páramo., -4.721944 -79.435555
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
4067890624 A. Prina;O. Cabrera & N. Cumbicus MS580 2012-02-08
Ecuador, Loja, Saraguro, Vía Udushe-Sumaypamba, -3.353263 -79.377056
Gbif:Plantae Gbif
1261837599 P.M. Jørgensen;Carmen Ulloa;Susana León;Homero Vargas;Pablo Lozano;S. León 1047 1994-11-30
Ecuador, Loja, Catamayo, Cerro Uritusinga. Loja-La Palma, Km 18-20. Montane forest, primary and secondary forest, under heavy pressure, exploited to produce charcoal., -4.084167 -79.227778